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Efficient post-harvest handling of rice is vital for ensuring food security in the agricultural industry. This involves maintaining the cleanliness, dryness, and integrity of the rice during storage. Several factors need to be considered to achieve this:

1. Moisture content: It is recommended to aim for a moisture content of approximately 25% at the time of harvest. This helps prevent the growth of fungi and oxidation.

2. Temperature: High temperatures can promote the growth of fungi and accelerate the oxidation process. Therefore, it is important to control the temperature during storage.

3. Storage period: Keeping the storage period as short as possible is ideal. Additionally, it is essential to clean the grain before storing it to maintain its quality.

4. General condition: Check the rice for any broken seeds, impurities, or other defects that could affect its quality.

The post-harvest processes for rice include reception, cleaning, drying, and storage. To maintain the quality of the rice during these processes, the following steps should be taken:

Reception: Analyze the heat, moisture, and impurities in the rice and implement measures to control insects. An aspiration system can also be used to ensure the cleanliness of the rice.

Cleaning: Install an integrated system that includes a magnet separator, drum sieve, grain precleaner, grain cleaner, and buffer silos. Proper ventilation and exhaust fans are crucial for maintaining the quality of the rice during the cleaning process.

Drying: Reduce the moisture content of the rice to safe levels to prevent issues such as discoloration, loss of germination, loss of freshness, and breakage.

Storage: Popular options for rice storage include steel silos, concrete silos, warehouses, and bag silos. Proper management of the storage facilities is essential to optimize the quality and longevity of the rice.

By following these guidelines for efficient post-harvest handling, the rice industry can ensure food security by preserving the quality of rice and preventing any losses or damages during storage.